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    <title>PDMS on Elon&#39;s AD Insight</title>
    <link>https://auto-driving-blog.vercel.app/tags/pdms/</link>
    <description>Recent content in PDMS on Elon&#39;s AD Insight</description>
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    <item>
      <title>NAVSIM 排行榜深度分析：谁在统治端到端规划？架构、创新与分数全解</title>
      <link>https://auto-driving-blog.vercel.app/posts/knowledge/navsim%E6%8E%92%E8%A1%8C%E6%A6%9C%E6%B7%B1%E5%BA%A6%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90/</link>
      <pubDate>Sun, 19 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
      <guid>https://auto-driving-blog.vercel.app/posts/knowledge/navsim%E6%8E%92%E8%A1%8C%E6%A6%9C%E6%B7%B1%E5%BA%A6%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90/</guid>
      <description>NAVSIM 已成为端到端规划的事实标准benchmark，PDMS/EPDMS排行榜上群雄逐鹿。本文系统梳理navtest/navhard双榜Top方法，从Scoring-based、Diffusion-based、VLA、World Model 四大技术路线解构各家架构设计与核心创新，严格区分官方排行榜已录结果与arXiv宣称结果，并给出技术趋势判断与个人思考。数据截至2026年7月。</description>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>端到端驾驶评测指标全景</title>
      <link>https://auto-driving-blog.vercel.app/posts/knowledge/%E7%AB%AF%E5%88%B0%E7%AB%AF%E9%A9%BE%E9%A9%B6%E8%AF%84%E6%B5%8B%E6%8C%87%E6%A0%87%E5%85%A8%E6%99%AF/</link>
      <pubDate>Sun, 19 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
      <guid>https://auto-driving-blog.vercel.app/posts/knowledge/%E7%AB%AF%E5%88%B0%E7%AB%AF%E9%A9%BE%E9%A9%B6%E8%AF%84%E6%B5%8B%E6%8C%87%E6%A0%87%E5%85%A8%E6%99%AF/</guid>
      <description>&lt;h2 id=&#34;一引言&#34;&gt;一、引言&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;端到端自动驾驶模型的快速发展对评测体系提出了迫切需求。从早期的行为克隆论文仅报告 L2 位移误差，到如今 NAVSIM、nuPlan、Bench2Drive、CARLA 等多个基准各自定义复杂的复合指标，评测指标呈现出&amp;quot;从单一到综合、从开环到闭环、从粗粒度到细粒度&amp;quot;的演进趋势。&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;然而，指标选择本身也成为了一个需要深思熟虑的问题——不同的指标反应驾驶质量的不同侧面，单一指标往往存在偏差。理解每个指标的设计动机、计算细节和局限性，是做出可信研究的必要条件。&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;本文系统梳理端到端驾驶评测领域的主流指标，涵盖开环指标、闭环综合指标、按场景分解指标以及成功率等，并分析各指标之间的关联与互补关系。&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 id=&#34;二开环评测指标&#34;&gt;二、开环评测指标&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;开环指标衡量模型预测轨迹与人类真值轨迹之间的差距，虽然不直接反映真实驾驶能力，但因其计算简单、可复现性强而被广泛使用。&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h3 id=&#34;21-l1l2-位移误差&#34;&gt;2.1 L1/L2 位移误差&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;定义&lt;/strong&gt;：在未来时刻 t（通常取 1.0s、2.0s、3.0s）上，预测位置与真值位置之间的距离。&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;公式&lt;/strong&gt;：&lt;/p&gt;



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&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;解读&lt;/strong&gt;：L2 误差越小越好，但存在显著的饱和效应——当误差降到一定程度后，进一步降低 L2 未必意味着更好的驾驶能力。更严重的问题是：L2 误差对轨迹的&amp;quot;合理性&amp;quot;完全不敏感，一个不安全的急刹车轨迹和一个安全的平稳减速轨迹可能有相同的 L2 误差。此外，L2 误差也无法区分横向偏差和纵向偏差——偏离车道 0.5 米和速度偏差 5 km/h 可能产生相同的 L2 值。&lt;/p&gt;</description>
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